Submodule Temperature Regulation and Balancing in Modular Multilevel Converters

Submodule Temperature Regulation and Balancing in Modular Multilevel Converters

In modular multilevel converters (MMCs), tem5 perature control of semiconductor devices in the submod6 ules (SMs) is a key factor for the safe and reliable opera7 tion. Under normal operation, significant temperature differ8 ences can exist between SMs due to, for example, aging of 9 semiconductor modules and module parameter mismatch. 10 This paper presents a method for achieving SM thermal ba...

Modular Multilevel Converters: Control and Applications

This review article is mainly oriented to the control and applications of modular multilevel converters (MMC). The main topologies of the switching modules are presented, for normal operation and for the elimination of DC faults. Methods to keep the capacitor voltage balanced are included. The voltage and current modulators, that are the most internal loops of control, are detailed. Voltage con...

Virtual Submodule Concept Applied to the Modular Multilevel Converter

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Analysis of Modulation and Voltage Balancing Strategies for Modular Multilevel Converters

Simplified model and submodule capacitor voltage balancing of single-phase AC/AC modular multilevel converter for railway traction purpose

A single-phase AC/AC modular multilevel converter (MMC) can interact directly with 25 kV railway grid without a bulky 50 Hz step-down transformer. This brings in great savings in size and cost. Submodule (SM) voltage balancing of this kind of MMCs remains a major technique issue. This study proposes a voltage-balancing solution for this scenario which consists of intraand inter-arm voltage bala...